用感恩心對人 世界就是彩色的. ......用瞋恨心對人 .人生就是黑白的
凡事感恩..就能增長福氣..... 凡事怨恨. 就會倍增災難

 

 

第二課 be動詞的三個現在式

必背1、動詞分二種,be動詞和一般動詞(簡稱V)。  
必背2be動詞的原始意思為「是」。  
必背3be動詞的現在式有三個,各有各的主人,不要弄錯!請看表格:

be動詞

am

is

are

主人是誰?用什麼主詞呢?)

I(我)專用

1.      he(他)

2.      she(她)

3.      it(它)

4.      第三人稱單數的主詞(我們兩個人講話時,提到的第三個人、動物、東西或事情,只有一個的時候)

1.      you(你、你們)

2.      we(我們)

3.      they(他們)

4.      主詞是複數時

例句

I am happy.

1.      He is happy. 他是高興的。

2.      She is happy.

3.      It is good.

4.      My father is happy.

My dog is happy.

1.      You are happy.

2.      We are happy.

3.      They are happy.

4.      He and I are happy.

The students are happy.

 

第三課、be動詞的問句及否定句

必背1be動詞的現在式有3,即amisare
必背2be動詞可以造成問句和否定句,不用請別人幫忙,自己辦得到。
必背3只要be動詞挪到句首,就是「嗎」問句了。因為中文解釋通常加了「嗎」在句尾。又叫Yes-No問句,因為通常用yesno先回答。
必背4否定句就是在be動詞的後面加上not(不)即可。請看以下表格說明: 

be動詞

am

is

are

肯定句

I am happy.

我是高興的。

1.      He is happy.

2.      She is happy.

3.      It is good.

4.      My father is happy.

5.      My teacher is happy.

1.      You are happy.

2.      We are happy.

3.      They are happy.

4.      He and I are happy.

5.      The students are happy.

疑問句

Am I happy?

我高興嗎?

Is he happy? 他高興嗎?

Is she happy? 她高興嗎?

Is it good? 很棒嗎

Is my father happy? 我爸爸高興嗎?

Is my teacher happy? 我的老師高興嗎?

Are you happy? 你高興嗎?

Are we happy?

Are they happy?

Are he and I happy?

Are the students happy?

否定句

I am not happy.

我不高興。

He is not happy. 他不高興。

She is not happy.

It is not good.

My father is not happy.

My teacher is not happy.

You are not happy. 你不高興。

We are not happy.

They are not happy.

He and I are not happy.

The students are not happy.

 

 

第四課、一個句子只能有一個動詞

記住: 一個句子只能有一個動詞,如果有兩個(或以上)一定要想辦法解決。

1:我喜歡籃球。I like basketball. ○) I am like basketball.

                                    likebe都是動詞,不能放一起,不然會打架喔!

2:我正在打籃球。I am playing basketball. ○) I am play basketball.

                                    am+ Ving就會形成「現在進行式」表達「正在做

3:我喜歡打籃球。I like playing basketball. ○) I like to play basketball. (○)

                                              I like  play basketball.

likeplay都是一般動詞,有兩種方式解決,把第二 動詞加ing變成「動名詞」,要不就在兩個動詞中間加to(不定詞),整個to後面就叫做「不定詞片語」,當like的受詞。

4:我們整晚又唱歌又跳舞。We sang and danced all night. ○)  

                                                       We sang  danced all night. 

        :用「連接詞」(這裡是and)也可以把兩個動詞(singdance的過去式)連在一起。

(想要更深入了解兩個動詞在一起時要如何處理,請到另一篇文法教學→動名詞與不定詞

 

 

第五課、表達「正在」的現在進行式

必背:如果要表達「正在做什麼事」,要用「be+Ving」的句型。
Ving在後面拉著,就不會和be打架)這時候的Ving叫「現在分詞」,和like後面的Ving(動名詞)名稱不一樣喔!

                1I eat an apple.(我吃蘋果)→ I am eating an apple. (我正在吃蘋果)

                                                              I am not eating an apple. (我不是在吃蘋果

                                                         Am I eating an apple? (我在吃蘋果嗎?)

:如果說 I am eat apple.的話,ameat就有兩個動詞同時出現,就打架了。

                2You sleep. (你睡覺)→ You are sleeping. (你正在睡覺)
          
                                                You are not sleeping. (你不是在睡覺
                                                           Are you sleeping? (
你在睡覺嗎?)



第六課、一般動詞碰到「主詞是第三人稱單數」現在式要加ses

 必背:一般動詞(V)在現在式時,如果主人是「第三人稱單數」後面要加「s」或「es」。 請記:主詞是「三、單、現」動詞加ses

主詞是單數,非「三單」

主詞是複數

主詞是第三人稱單數

1.      I like basketball.

2.      They like basketball.

3.      He likes basketball.

4.      You watch TV.

5.      She and I watch TV.

6.      She watches TV.

7.      I wash dishes.(洗盤子)

8.      Your brothers wash dishes.

9.      Your brother washes dishes.

10.  You play.

11.  He and his dog play.

12.  My dog plays under the tree.

所謂「第三人稱單數」是指「我跟你講話時(或我在講事情時)提到的第三個人或東西,只有一個的時候,不一定光指人,也可指動物、植物或無生物。

 

 

 

第七課:be動詞的過去式

必背用英語表達「過去的事情」要注意用「過去式」,be動詞的過去式有兩個amis過去式是wasare過去式是were」。

 

be動詞

am

is

are

現式

I am happy.

我是高興的。

1.      He is happy.

2.      She is happy.

3.      It is good.

4.      My father is happy.

5.      My teacher is happy.

1.      You are happy.

2.      We are happy.

3.      They are happy.

4.      He and I are happy.

5.      The students are happy.

過去式

I was happy yesterday.

我昨天很高興。

He was happy yesterday. 他昨天高興。

She was happy yesterday.

It was good yesterday.

My father was happy yesterday.

My teacher was happy yesterday.

You were happy yesterday.

你昨天高興。

We were happy yesterday.

They were happy yesterday.

 

疑問句

Was I happy?

Was he happy?

Were we happy?

否定句

I was not happy.

He was not happy.

You were not happy.

 

第八課:一般動詞的過去式

必背一般動詞(V)的過去式分為兩種:
(1)規則變化 :字尾加ed
(2)
不規則變化只能死背

規則變化

不規則變化

現在式

過去式

ed

現在式

過去式

cook

cooked

無聲子音後的edt

eat

ate

use

used

有聲子音後的edd

see 看見

saw

play

played

母音後的edd

do

did

start 開始

started

td之後的ed[Id]

feel 感覺

felt

like 喜歡

liked

字尾有e時,加上d即可

hear 聽見

heard

study

studied

子音+y時,去yied法為原字尾音加d

不規則動詞的三態變化,聲要聽聲音→請按這

 (3)一般動詞的過去式,就不用在考慮人稱問題,不管規則、不規則變化,都不用像現在式時第三人稱單數要加s。請看例句: 

現在式

過去式

You like me. 你喜歡我。

You liked me. 你過去喜歡我。

過去式,不管第幾人稱,都一樣。

I like you. 我喜歡你。

I liked you. 我喜歡過你。

He likes me. 他喜歡我。(主詞三單現Vs)

He liked me. 他喜歡過我。

 She likes me. 她喜歡我。(主詞三單現Vs)

She liked me. 她以前喜歡我。

現在式動詞,表示目前或習慣性行為。

過去式動詞表達時,是表示以前的行為

 

 

第九課:一般動詞的問句及否定句

必背觀念
(1)
一般動詞(V
自己無法造成問句及否定句,一定要請「無意義的助動詞」幫忙。現在式時,通常用do幫忙,主詞是第三人稱單數時用does過去式時,不管主詞是誰都用did幫忙。
(2)而且要記住一個非常重要的規則:任何的助動詞後面的動詞,都要變成原形動詞。公式:助V+原V
(3)
所謂「原形動詞」就是字尾或本身不能有所變化的動詞,例如eatingate的原形就是eat()studyingstudied的原形就是study() 

肯定句

疑問句

否定句

備註

You like me.

Do you like me?

你喜歡我嗎?

You do not like me.

你不喜歡我。

dodoes過去式都是did

You liked me.

Did you like me?

你以前喜歡我嗎?

You did not like me.

你以前不喜歡我。

I like you.

Do I like you?

我喜歡你嗎?

I do not like you.

我不喜歡你。

I liked you.

我喜歡過你。

Did I like you?

我有喜歡過你嗎?

I did not like you.

我沒喜歡過你。

like變原形了(字尾的d不見了)

He likes me.

他喜歡我。

Does he like me?

他喜歡我嗎?

He does not like me.

他不喜歡我。

主詞「三單」現在式時,用does

He liked me.

他喜歡過我。


Did
he like me?

他以前喜歡我嗎?


He
did not like me.

他以前不喜歡我。

不管likesd碰到助動詞doesdid,都要變原形(不可加字尾

 

 

第十課:be動詞及一般動詞的未來式

必背觀念

(1)不管句子裡的動詞是be動詞(即amisare)還是一般動詞(V),一提到「未來的事情」,就要在前面加上will(將要),形成「未來式」

(2)我們把will翻譯成「將要;將會」,它本身是個「助動詞」,所以後面的be動詞要用原形(即be),一般動詞也要變成「原形動詞」(即不可加seding等)(不規則動詞也要變回原形,例如ate要變回原形eat

(3)因為will是助動詞,所以疑問句、否定句都不必請別人幫忙,自己就可以造成。

(4)will not的縮寫變成wont (將不) 

 

肯定句

否定句

疑問句

現在式

I am happy. 我高興。

You are happy. 你高興。

He is happy. 他高興。

I am not happy. 我不高興。

You are not happy. 你不高興。

He is not happy. 他不高興。

Am I happy? 我高興嗎?

Are you happy? 你高興嗎?

Is he happy? 他高興嗎?

過去式

I was happy.
我那時 候是高興的。

You were happy.
你那時候是高興的。

He was happy.
他那時候是高興的。

I was not happy.
我那時不高興。

You were not happy.
你那時不高興。

He was not happy.
他那時不高興。

Was I happy?
我那時高興嗎?

Were you happy?
你那時高興嗎?

Was he happy?
他那時高興嗎?

說明:沒有說出明確指出過去時間的話,不好翻譯,只知道「過去某個時間」發生的事。

未來式

I will be happy.

我到時會高興的。

You will be happy.

你到時會高興的。

He will be happy.

他到時會高興的。

I will not be happy.

我到時會不高興的。

You will not be happy.

你到時會不高興的。

He will not be happy.

他到時會不高興的。

(= He won’t be happy.)

Will I be happy?

我到時會高興嗎?

Will you be happy?

你到時會高興嗎?

Will he be happy?

他到時會高興嗎?


說明1:沒有說出明確的未來時間,也不好翻譯,只知道「未來某個時間」發生的事。

說明2will不定第幾人稱,都可以用,am, is, are都要變成原形be

 

 

第十一課:be動詞及一般動詞的「wh-」問句

(1) wh-疑問詞的問句,wh-都放第一位,比be動詞或助動詞當老大時還大(「嗎」問句時be動詞或助動詞一定放句首),所以我叫這些wh-疑問詞為「大哥大」。

(2)「大哥大」有六個,因為都有「何」的意思,故叫六何」。what(何事/)where(何處)why(為何)when(何時)who(何人)how(如何)。(還有一個which(哪一個)用法也類似)

(3)  口訣:大哥大+小跟班+主詞(+動詞)。說明:肯定句改「嗎」問句時,把be動詞掉到句首即可。例如:You are a student.你是學生。→Are you a student?你是學生嗎?句中有一般動詞時,請助動詞幫忙,例如:You like him.你喜歡他。→Do you like him? 你喜歡他嗎?這時be動詞及助動詞好像大哥一樣,威風八面,但碰到了wh-的疑問詞,確只能尾隨其後了,所以我叫wh-的疑問詞為「大哥大」。 

「六何」舉例

疑問詞(大哥大)

be動詞一起用時

助動詞及一般動詞一起用時

what什麼事/東西

What are you doing? 你在做什麼?

What do you do? 你做什麼行業的?

where 什麼地方

Where are you? 你在哪裡?

Where do you live? 你住在哪裡?

when 什麼時候

When is your birthday?
你的生日在什麼時候?

When do you want to go home?
你什麼時候要回家?

why 為什麼

Why are you late? 你為何遲到?

Why do you come early? 你為什麼早來了?

who什麼人

Who are you? 你是誰?
Who
is he?

Who do you live with? 你和誰住一起?
Who
does he live with? 他和誰住一起?

how 怎麼樣

How are you?
你好嗎?(你怎麼樣?)
How
is she? 她好嗎?

How do you go to school?
你怎麼上學的?(用何方法?)
How
does she go to school?
她怎麼上學的?

 

Wh-疑問詞與be動詞合用時

 

肯定句

「嗎」問句

「大哥大」問句

現在式

You are happy.

你是高興的。

He is sleeping.

他正在睡覺。

Are you happy? 你高興

Is he sleeping?

他正在睡覺

Why are you happy?

你為什麼高興?

Where is he sleeping?

他在哪邊睡覺?

過去式

She was sad yesterday.

她昨天很傷心。

You were tired.

你那時很累。

Was she sad yesterday?

她昨天傷心

Were you tired?

你那時很累

 

When was she sad?

她什麼時候傷心的?

Why were you tired?

你那時為何很累?

未來式

I will be there.

我到時會去那裡的。

He will be with you.

他會和你在一起。

Will I be there?

我到時會去那裡?。

Will he be with you?

他會和你在一起

How will I be there?

我到時如何去那裡呢?

When will he be with you?

他何時會和你在一起?

 

Wh-疑問詞與助動詞及一般動詞合用時

 

肯定句

」問句

大哥大」問句

現式

You like her. 你喜歡她。

He likes her. 他喜歡她。

Do you like her? 你喜歡她

Does he like her?

他喜歡她

Why do you like her?

你為什麼喜歡她?

How does he like her?

他喜歡她的程度如何?

說明:助動詞(does)後面的一般動詞要變成原形動詞,不能再加ses

過去式

You met him.

你遇見了他。

He killed the dog.

把狗給殺了。

Did you meet him?

你有遇到他

Did he kill the dog?

他把狗殺了

Who did you meet?

你遇到誰了?

When did he kill the dog?

是什麼時候把狗殺 掉的?

說明:助動詞後面的一般動詞都要從過去式變成原形動詞。

未來式

I will beat you.

我會打敗你的。

He will hurt her.

他會傷害她的。

Will I beat you?

我會打敗你?。

Will he hurt her?

他會傷害她

How will I beat you?

我要怎樣才能打敗你呢?

Who will he hurt?

他會傷害誰?